일반대학원(석·박사과정)

신임 소방공무원 외상 유형별 심리적 취약성 분석 :

요인분석 및 군집분석을 중심으로

Abstract 

This study verified the effect of anticipatory cognitive learning for severe trauma on new firefighters and investigated the differential educational effects based on psychological response patterns. We applied a pre-post design to 380 new firefighters undergoing the new training curriculum at the fire academy. After conducting the anticipatory cognitive learning program—incorporating preventive and systematic approaches—twice, we measured their psychological states using a 28-item, 4-point Likert scale. Factor analysis identified

four factors: 'trauma from multiple victims and complex disaster sites', 'trauma related to firefighters' duties and colleagues', 'general trauma from fire and accident sites', and 'trauma related to distressing and mutilated body recovery'. Using K-means cluster analysis, we classified participants into three clusters: 'rapid increase in psychological stability' (180, 47.4%), 'gradual increase in psychological stability' (34, 8.9%), and 'progressive increase in psychological stability' (166, 43.7%). Cluster-specific analysis revealed statistically significant differences across all trauma factors (p<.001). The results confirmed that anticipatory cognitive learning for severe trauma effectively strengthens the psychological response capabilities of new firefighters. This study provides an empirical basis for improving firefighter mental health and developing preventive intervention programs.